Phonics approach – most soundly supported by research for effective instruction
in beginning reading
- Must be explicitly taught
- Must be systematically organized and sequenced
- Must include learning how to blend sounds together
Multi-Sensory Approach – effective for special needs
- Uses all possible senses – tracing, saying, listening, looking
- Typically called VAKT
- Visual, Auditory, Kinesthetic, Tactile
- Can be used with either Phonics or Whole Language
Linguistic Method – supported only by “qualitative research”
instead of quantitative research
- Teaches “whole words” in word families
- Students are not explicitly taught that there is a relationship between letters and sounds for most sounds
Language Experience – called “Whole Language”
- Expects child to learn reading as “naturally” as speech
- Uses child’s oral language as content for reading
- Uses child’s oral language as basis for spelling instruction
- Children learn to “read” by reading and re-reading “big books” together with the teacher and then the teacher gradually withdraws prompts so child appears to be reading that book
Reading Comprehension Support –
- Explicitly teaches strategies and techniques for studying texts and acquiring meaning